智能车位引导系统(硬件部分)的设计

智能车位引导系统(硬件部分)的设计(任务书,论文16000字)
摘要
随着人们生活水平的提高，城市居民的汽车拥有量急剧增加。在拥挤的城区里大量的汽车与短缺的停车位之间的问题越来越严重，随之而来的交通拥挤、停车难等问题也成为城市规划中所密切关心的问题。驾车者不能准确快速地找到自己满意的停车位，这既浪费了驾车者的时间也降低了停车场的运营效率。而现有的停车场大多是用人力来管理，管理效率低下、成本高。在此背景下研究智能车位导航系统对缓解交通压力和保护环境具有较高的社会效益和市场价值。本文进行了基于ZigBee（紫蜂）技术和传感器技术的智能车位导航系统硬件部分的设计与实施。采用了以CC2530芯片为核心的ZigBee模块、超声波传感器和地磁传感器以及车位显示灯作为停车位监测节点，利用移植Zstack协议栈的ZigBee路由器和协调器组成ZigBee网络，采集的数据则由协调器通过RS485总线将数据传输至计算机，并用显示器模拟显示停车位使用情况。本系统使用ZigBee模块设计了两类设备：传感节点和主节点。其中从节点使用了地磁传感器作为主传感器和超声波传感器作为备用传感器，使得传感节点能够以较高的准确率检测车位的使用状态。主节点则负责建立无线网络、收集传感节点的数据，并将数据提供给上位机。
关键词：ZigBee CC2530车位导航超声波传感器地磁传感器
 
The intelligent car parking aviation system
Abstract
With the improvement of people’s living standards,the number of cars owned by citizens has dramatically increased.The problem between heavy traffic and the shortage of parking spaces becomes more serious in crowded neighborhoods and the subsequent problems of traffic jam and parking lot have become the closely concerned issues in urban planning.Drivers can’t find the satisfied parking spaces quickly and accurately which not only waste drivers’ time but also affect parking-lot’s operational efficiencies.While most of the parking-lotsare managed by human, but this kind of management is low efficiency andcost a lot.Under this circumstance,studying the intelligent car parking aviation system has both social and market benefits to improve traffic jam and environment.This article completes a design and implementation project of the intelligent car parking aviation system of the part of the hardware based on technologies of ZigBee and sensors.The detection node of the parking space consists of LED lights,supersonic sensor,magnet sensor and CC2530 as the core part of ZigBee module.And the ZigBee network is composed of ZigBee router and ZigBee coordinator,both of which are transplanted with Zstack protocol stack.The collected data is transmitted to the computer via RS485 bus and a screen is used to display the number of parking spaces.This system designs two kinds of devices with ZigBee module: the slave node and the master node. For the slave node, the supersonic sensor is used as the primary sensor, while the magnet sensor is used as the backup sensor. With this design, the slave node can detect the use information of the parking-lot with high accuracy.The master node is responsible for building the wireless network, collecting the data of the slave and sending the data to the computer.
Keywords:ZigBee;CC2530;car parking aviation; supersonic sensor; geomagnetism sensor
 

目录
摘要    I
Abstract    II
目录    III
第一章绪论    1
1.1    引言    1
1.2    研究现状    1
1.3    研究意义    2
1.4    本文内容安排    2
第二章系统实现关键技术    4
2.1 车辆检测技术    4
2.2 数据传输技术    5
2.2.1 车位监测网络内通信技术    5
2.2.2 无线传感网络与上位机的通信    7
2.3 显示技术    7
第三章系统的需求分析及设计    8
3.1 总体需求分析    8
3.2 系统的设计方案    8
第四章系统功能详细设计    11
4.1 车位超声测距设计    11
4.1.1 超声波传感器电路设计    11
4.1.2 超声波传感器的驱动设计    13
4.2 地磁传感器    14
4.2.1 地磁传感器检测原理    15
4.2.2 地磁传感器MAG3110电路设计    16
4.2.3 车辆检测方法设计    18
4.2.4 车辆检测算法设计    22
4.3 RS485通信模块及通信协议设计    26
4.3.1 RS485电路设计    26
4.3.2 通信协议设计    27
4.3.3 传感节点与主节点通信算法设计    28
4.4 OLED显示模块    29
4.4.1 OLED与CC2530的电路设计    29
4.4.2 动态显示算法设计    30
4.5 ZigBee通信模块电路设计    31
4.5.1 CC2530系统电路设计    31
4.5.2传感节点电路设计    32
4.5.3 主节点电路设计    33
第五章系统功能实现    34
5.1 传感节点实现    34
5.2 主节点实现    34
5.3 系统整体实现实物图    35
第六章总结和展望    36
6.1 总结    36
6.2 展望    37
参考文献    38
致谢    40