基于单片机的停车场车位管理系统设计

基于单片机的停车场车位管理系统设计(论文13000字)
摘  要
21世纪初，随着时代的变革，科技的进步，便捷的交通工具逐渐成为人们生活不可或缺的一部分。汽车的普及着实提升了我们的生活质量。随着人们生活水平的提高，汽车的数量也与日俱增。可是随之而来的问题也摆在了人们面前，那就是城市的空间越来越紧张，停车位难求，特别是到了法定假日出去自驾游，进入停车场后却发现已满，只能离开该停车场去另寻车位，给车主造成了操作麻烦，浪费了宝贵的时间。为了解决此类问题，高科技化、自动化的停车场管理系统取代了之前落后的人工管理系统，技术的革新不仅节省了大量的人力、物力、财力，而且更加方便了我们的生活，提高了生活的质量。
本论文介绍了一种停车场车位管理系统模型。系统将STC89C52RC单片机作为主控制器，用E18-D50NK红外传感器作为探测器，传感器收到信息后将数据经单片机内部传给LCD1602液晶显示屏，并连接相应的报警电路。它能人工设置停泊的车辆数量以及显示进出停车场的车辆数量。该设计不仅能直观的显示停车场的车流量，还能在车位满时发出报警。不但可方便车主了解停车场车位情况，做出适当的选择，又方便物业公司的管理。因此，对智能停车场管理系统进行深入研究具有非常重要的现实意义。
关键词：STC89C52RC单片机；红外传感器；LCD1602液晶屏；报警电路

ABSTRACT
At the beginning of the 21st century, with the changes of the times, the advancement of science and technology, convenient transportation has gradually become an indispensable part of people's lives. The popularity of cars has actually improved the quality of our lives. As people's living standards improve, the number of cars is also increasing. However, the ensuing problems are also in front of the people, that is, the space in the city is getting more and more tense, and the parking space is hard to find. Especially when it comes to the statutory holiday, it is self-driving. After entering the parking lot, it is full and can only leave. The parking lot went to another parking space, causing trouble to the owner and wasting valuable time. In order to solve such problems, the high-tech and automated parking lot management system has replaced the previously backward manual management system. The technological innovation not only saves a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources, but also facilitates our lives and improves the quality ofour lives.
This paper introduces a parking lot parking management system model. The system uses the STC89C52RC MCU as the main controller and uses the E18-D50NK infrared sensor as the detector. After receiving the information, the sensor transmits the data to the LCD1602 through the internal MCU and connects to the corresponding alarm circuit. It can manually set the number of vehicles parked and the number of vehicles that enter and exit the parking lot. The design not only visually displays the traffic flow in the parking lot, but also alerts when the parking space is full. Not only can the owner understand the parking space, make appropriate choices, and facilitate the management of the property company. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to conduct in-depth research on the intelligent parking lot management system.
Key words: STC89C52RC single chip microcomputer;infrared sensor; LCD1602 liquid crystal display; alarm circuit
 

目录
第一章  绪论    1
1.1引言    1
1.2课题研究的目的和意义    1
1.3课题系统介绍    2
1.4本章小结    2
第二章  系统的方案设计与论证    3
2.1单片机的选择论证    3
2.2显示模块的选择论证    4
2.3传感器的选择论证    5
2.4按键电路的选择论证    5
2.5本章小结    6
第三章  硬件电路设计    7
3.1芯片的介绍    7
3.1.1STC89C52RC简介    7
3.1.2STC89C52RC主要引脚    8
3.2显示模块的设计    8
3.2.1液晶显示屏选择与介绍    8
3.2.2液晶显示屏引脚功能    9
3.3电源模块的设计    10
3.4按键输入模块的设计    11
3.5传感器模块的设计    12
3.5.1传感器的介绍    12
3.5.2 传感器内部电路图    12
3.5.3传感器的电气特性    13
3.6本章小结    13
第四章  软件设计    14
4.1系统整体框图    15
4.2系统的主要程序    15
4.2.1主程序    15
4.2.2延时程序    17
4.2.3液晶屏显示程序    17
4.2.4独立按键模块程序    18
4.2.5红外计数模块程序    19
4.2.6报警电路程序    20
4.3 本章小结    20
第五章  结果与问题分析    21
5.1停车场管理系统实物展示    21
5.2问题分析    24
5.2.1硬件设计问题分析    24
5.2.2系统设计问题分析    25
5.3本章小结    25
结束语    27
致  谢    28
参考文献    29
附录1  系统原理图    30
附录2  系统源程序    31