基于FPGA的三相相位继电器的设计
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基于FPGA的三相相位继电器的设计(论文13000字)
摘 要
在电子信息技术领域中,相位是几个最基本的参数之一,如何测得准确的相位信息已经显得越来越重要了。但由于相位差不是独立存在的,它依附于电流、电压信号中,所以在测量的时候就需要想办法排除电流、电压信号对测量的干扰;并且,单独的相位值是没有意义的,比较值相位差才有实用价值,所以测量时需要保持其它相关量的一致性。因此,我们在测量相位差的时候就不可避免的要解决这些困难。而如今,信息技术和计算机技术都发展到了一个很高的水平,数字化技术已经在测量和检测技术中发挥了十分重要的作用。这为我们测量相位差提供了很好的解决方法。
本次所选的课题就是需要利用FPGA技术,通过这种技术来设计一个三相相位继电器。该设计的重点就在于测量两路频率相同的正弦信号的相位差。经过资料的搜集和方案的比较,本文采用的最终设计方案主要包括三个单元,分别为信号整形单元、FPGA信号采集和数据处理单元、继电器单元。经过对各个单元的设计、仿真和调试,最终设计出的相位差检测模块精度高,抗干扰能力强,而整个继电器也反应灵敏,使用可靠。
关键词:相位差测量;FPGA;继电器
Abstract
In the field of electronic information technology, the phase is a fundamental parameter, how to accurately measure the phase has become increasingly important. However, due to the phase difference do not exist alone, it is dependent on current, voltage signal, so you need to find a way to exclude current, voltage signal interference ; and the phase difference is a more amount required to keep measurements consistent with other quantities. These are more difficult to measure the phase difference, but with the rapid development of information technology and computer technology, digital signal processing technology has become the main method of modern measurement, detection technology.
This issue is by means of a field programmable gate array device (FPGA) technology, devised a three-phase phase relay. The focus of the design is that the two-way signal with the frequency of the phase difference detection. After comparison of the data collection and programs, the final design used in this paper consists of three main elements, namely a signal shaping unit, FPGA signal acquisition and data processing unit, the relay unit. Each unit has been designed for simulation and debugging, high final design phase difference detection module precision, strong anti-interference ability, and the entire relay is also responsive and reliable.
Key Words:phase difference measurement; FPGA; relay
目 录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 选题背景和意义 1
1.2 相位测量技术的历史和发展现状 2
1.3 论文的工作内容和结构安排 3
第2章 设计方案论证 4
2.1 相位测量的常用技术指标 4
2.2 相位差测量原理和方案比较 4
2.2.1 双踪示波法 5
2.2.2 补偿法 5
2.2.3 数字化测量法 6
2.3 本章小结 7
第3章 系统设计 8
3.1 整形电路设计 8
3.1.1 限幅电路 8
3.1.2 过零比较电路 8
3.2 FPGA设计 10
3.2.1 FPGA芯片选型 10
3.2.2 FPGA 逻辑设计 11
3.3 本章小结 16
第4章 系统仿真与调试 17
4.1 仿真结果分析 17
4.2 误差分析 18
4.2.1 过零比较器引起的相移 18
4.2.2 计数器计数误差 18
4.2.3 工频干扰 18
4.3 本章小结 19
第5章 总结 20
参考文献 21
致谢 22
附录A 23