PLC在四层电梯中的应用设计

PLC在四层电梯中的应用设计(16000字)
摘要
随着我国国民经济的飞速发展，现代化程度日益提高，高层建筑多，电梯也随之增多，电梯产品在人们的物质文化生活中的地位也得到了提高，成为重要的交通运输设备之一。国内以前传统的电梯控制是有继电器、接触器构成。他不仅存在着可靠性差、成本高、高故障率等缺点，而且楼房层数增加时，配线变化给制造及安装带来诸多不便。若用PLC控制就解决了以上的不足。
首先，分别阐述了电梯继电器控制和PLC控制的特点，突出讲述继电器电梯控制系统暴露的缺点以及PLC电梯控制系统所具有的优点，其次，在阅读了大量国内外相关文件资料的基础上，对电梯技术和电梯设备的发展进行了综述。然后介绍了PLC选型原则以及PLC控制系统的设计思路;在此基础上，根据电梯系统自身的工作状态要求，进行电梯系统的PLC软件开发，通过软件开发的特点，结合PLC自身的控制规律，设计出可实现一定功能的PLC电梯控制系统。
本设计就以PLC做为工具对电梯的各种操作进行控制。先对四层电梯的硬件部分做分析，看需要什么样的开关、信号等等。然后，画出他的控制面板图，根据I/O点数来确定PLC机型，最后再进行原件设计，画出程序流程图，写出梯形图，随之在计算机上进行仿真。

关键词：PLC 电梯 控制系统

Abstract
With the rapid development of China's national economy, increasing the degree of modernization, many high-rise buildings, elevators also will be increased, elevator products in people's material and cultural life of the position has been enhanced to become one of the important transportation equipment. Domestic ones the elevator control is a relay, contactor composition. He was not only the existence of poor reliability, high cost, high failure rate and other shortcomings, and building layers increases, changes to the manufacturing and installation of wiring inconvenience. If using PLC control to solve the above deficiencies.
First, respectively expounds elevator relay control and PLC control features, outstanding tells relays of elevator control system exposed shortcomings and PLC of elevator control system has the advantages, secondly, in the domestic and foreign relevant document read many of the basis of materials, the elevator technology and the development of elevator equipment are reviewed. Then introduces PLC selection principles and PLC control system design train of thought; On this basis, according to the elevator system itself working condition requirements, elevator systems PLC software development, through the software development of characteristic, combining PLC itself, the design gives the control law can realize a certain function PLC elevator control system.
  The design of the PLC as a tool for the elevator on the ginger to control the various operations. The first part of the hardware to do three of the elevator and see what kind of switches, signals and so on. Then, the control panel to draw his map, according to I / O points to determine the PLC model, and finally the original design, draw flowchart, write the ladder, followed by computer simulation.

KEY WORDS : PLC   elevator   control system 
 

目  录

1 绪论    1
2 电梯的概述    2
2.1 电梯结构    2
2.2电梯控制要求    3
3 硬件的选择    4
3.1 PLC定义和特点    4
3.2 PLC发展趋势    5
3.3 PLC基本结构    6
3.4 PLC的工作原理    8
3.5 硬件接线图    9
4 PLC电梯的控制系统设计    10
4.1三菱 PLC基本逻辑指令    10
4.2基于PLC的电梯控制流程图系统设计    11
4.3 I/O分配表    13
4.4软件设计    14
4.5程序说明    20
5 程序仿真    26
5.1 GX Developer软件介绍    26
5.1.1 软件概述    26
5.1.2 GX Developer的特点    27
5.1.3 操作界面    27
5.2 用GX Simulator进行仿真    29
结束语    34
参考文献    35
致   谢    36