24GHz雷达接收机的设计与研究

24GHz雷达接收机的设计与研究(论文11000字)
摘要：随着科技的日益发展，人们对于雷达的要求也逐渐升高，雷达接收机作为当今雷达重要的部分，肩负着不失真的放大所需要的信号并抑制不需要的其他信号的任务。当今社会，我们对雷达需求的一大重点，则是交通部分，交通的安全越来越成为我们不可忽视的因素，因此许多种类的雷达应运而生，目前阶段，已经产生了测速雷达、防撞雷达、自动控制雷达等等，而雷达接收机作为雷达重要的一部分，有着很深的研究价值，本文就是对于接收机射频前端的设计。本文介绍的24GHz雷达的射频接收前端部分，属于汽车雷达的一种，主要研究盲区监测、停车辅助等技术。
文中首先简介其发展背景与研究方向，进而详细介绍24GHz雷达接收机的系统构成、工作原理与主要性能，研究目的是在ADS的仿真研究中，详细分析了各性能指标如灵敏度、增益、动态范围等等，仿真后，下一步则是使用AD软件进行的PCB版图绘制。
本文的研究目的是进行24GHz雷达接收机部分的设计，研究方法是首先用ADS仿真软件进行雷达接收机的仿真，仿真成功后按照各部件参数选择适合的芯片，连接PCB原理图，进行版图绘制。研究结果在下文中的图片中予以展示，顺利得到了PCB版图。通过这次研究发现，得到了关于雷达接收机进一步的结论，作为雷达重要的组成，其应用十分的广泛，包括军事，航海，探测，交通等等，其中交通为当下研究的热门。
关键词：接收机；ADS仿真；24GHz雷达；射频前端；PCB版图
 
Design and implementation of 24GHz radar receiver
Abstract: As time goes by, with the continuous development of science and technology, people from all walks of life have an increasing number of radar[1]. As an important part of today's radar, the radar receiver shoulders the task of amplifying the required signals and suppressing other signals that are not needed without losing the reality. In today's society, a major focus of our radar demand is the traffic part, traffic safety is becoming a factor we can not ignore, so many kinds of radar came into being, at the current stage, has produced speed radar, anti-collision radar, automatic control radar and so on. As a part and parcel of radar, radar receiver has deep research value.
The RF receiving front-end part of the 24GHZ radar introduced in this paper is a kind of automobile radar, which mainly studies blind area monitoring, parking assistance and other technologies. To begin with, a brief interpret to its development background and the research direction, and then introduced 24[2] GHZ radar receiver system structure, working principle and main performance of the ADS simulation study, analyzes in detail various performance indicators such as sensitivity, dynamic range, gain, etc., after the simulation, the next step is to use AD software for PCB layout drawing, drawing before you use to draw schematic by the data obtained from the simulation stage.
The research purpose of this paper is to design a part of the 24GHz radar receiver. The research method is to firstly use ADS simulation software to simulate the radar receiver. After successful simulation, the appropriate chip is selected according to the parameters of each component, and PCB schematic diagram is connected for layout drawing. The research results are shown in the pictures below, and PCB layout is obtained successfully. Through this research, the further conclusion about radar receiver is obtained. As an important component of radar, it is widely used, including military, navigation, detection, traffic, etc., among which traffic is a hot topic in current research.
Keywords: The receiver; ADS simulation; 24 GHZ radar; RF front-end; PCB layout

目 录
1.绪论    1
1.1  研究意义    1
1.2  国内外研究现状与发展趋势    1
1.3  工作内容和结构安排    2
1.3.1 工作内容    2
1.3.2 结构安排    2
2.设计方案论证    3
2.1  设计目的    3
2.2  本设计的技术方案    3
2.2.1  ADS雷达接收机的仿真    3
2.2.2  制作PCB版图    3
3.基于ADS的雷达接收机射频前端的仿真    3
3.1  背景介绍    3
3.2  射频接收前端介绍    4
3.3  射频前端接收性能指标    5
3.3.1 增益（Gain）    5
3.3.2 噪声系数（Noise figure）    5
3.3.3 灵敏度（Sensitivity）    5
3.3.4  增益压缩（Gain compression）    5
3.3.5 动态范围（Dynamic range）    5
3.3.6  互调失真（Intermodulation distortion）    5
3.4  仿真要求    6
3.5  仿真步骤    6
3.6  仿真结果    7
3.7  仿真数据分析    9
3.8  本章小结    10
4.基于AD软件的PCB版图绘制    10
4.1  印制板参数设定    10
4.2  微带线宽度的计算    10
4.3  芯片选择    11
4.3.1  第一级放大器芯片的选择    11
4.3.2  混频器芯片的选择    13
4.3.3  第三极放大器芯片的选择    15
4.4   器件的连接    18
4.5   绘制PCB版图    18
4.6   本章小结    19
5．总结    19
参考文献    19
致谢    21