24GHz微带天线阵列设计

24GHz微带天线阵列设计(论文14000字)
摘要：随着现代社会的进步与科技的发展，无线通信也逐渐进入人们的生活。近年来，国内外学者对天线的研究进入高频波段，K波段是毫米波段中的一部分，标称波长是1.25cm，频率范围为18GHz到27GHz，对应的波长范围是1.67cm-1.11cm，K波段的应用方面在民用体现最多，比如汽车雷达、无人机雷达等。微带天线具有体积小、剖面低、容易集成等优点，在实际应用中可与微波器件进行集成起来。本文设计了一款用于汽车雷达测速的24GHz微带天线阵列，通过设计天线，包括天线单元与阵列的设计，给出设计步骤。本文设计的天线采用微带嵌入式馈电，阵列采用串并混合馈电方式，设计了天线单元和1×16阵列天线，利用电磁仿真软件ANSYS HFSS对单元和天线阵列展开了标准化的仿真设计，同时对其进行了一定的优化，从而让天线单元与阵列能够符合设计标准。
关键词：24GHz；测速雷达；微带天线；直线阵列；HFSS；

Design of 24 GHz microstrip antenna array
Abstract：With the advancement of modern society and the development of science and technology, wireless communication has gradually entered people's lives. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have studied the antenna into the high-frequency band. The K-band is part of the millimeter band. The nominal wavelength is 1.25cm, the frequency range is 18GHz to 27GHz, and the corresponding wavelength range is 1.67cm-1.11cm, K. The application of the band is the most in civilian use, such as car radar, drone radar and so on. The microstrip antenna has the advantages of small size, low profile, easy integration, and can be integrated with microwave devices in practical applications. In this paper, a 24GHz microstrip antenna array for automotive radar speed measurement is designed. Design the antenna, including the design of the antenna unit and array, and give the design steps. The antenna designed in this paper adopts microstrip embedded feed, and the array adopts serial-to-hybrid feed mode. The antenna unit and 1×16 array antenna are designed. The electromagnetic simulation software ANSYS HFSS is used to simulate and optimize the unit and antenna array. The antenna unit and array are designed to meet the design requirements.
Keywords: 24GHz; Speed Measuring Radar; Microstrip Antenna; Linear Array; HFSS;
 
目  录
1. 绪论    1
1.1 研究背景及目的意义    1
1.2 测速雷达的国内外研究现状    1
1.3 本文的研究内容    2
2. 微带天线的基本原理    3
2.1引言    3
2.2微带天线的概述    3
2.2.1微带天线分类    3
2.2.2 微带的馈电方法    4
2.2.3微带天线的参数    5
2.3微带天线的辐射机理及分析方法    7
2.3.1微带线的辐射机理    7
2.3.2微带天线分析方法    7
2.4 微带天线的性能分析    11
2.4.1 介质基片的选择    11
2.4.2 单元宽度    12
2.4.3 单元长度    13
2.4.4 介质基板尺寸    13
2.5 阵列馈电网络    13
2.6本章小结    14
3. 天线单元设计    15
3.1 矩形微带天线单元设计要求    15
3.2 矩形微带天线单元模型的初步设计    15
3.2.1 天线的尺寸    15
3.2.2 天线阻抗匹配设计    15
3.3 利用HFSS进行仿真和优化    16
3.3.1 HFSS的基本介绍    16
3.3.2 微带天线的建模    17
3.4 本章小结    20
4. 天线阵列设计    21
4.1 微带阵列理论    21
4.2 天线阵结构设计    23
4.3 微带阵列天线的仿真    25
4.3.1 S参数    25
4.3.2 电压驻波比    25
4.3.3 方向图    26
4.3.4 增益特性    26
4.4 本章小结    27
5. 总结与展望    28
参考文献    29
致谢    30