基于51单片机温湿度及PM2.5浓度监测系统设计

基于51单片机温湿度及PM2.5浓度监测系统设计(论文11000字)
摘要：家庭生活中，温度和湿度是影响人体舒适度的重要因素，我们所处的长江中下游地区由于距离海洋近，十分潮湿，而冬季气温低，夏季气温高，使得这两个季节人感到十分不适，需要一个能够测量温度和湿度的系统，协助人们了解自己的周围环境，适时的做出开窗、开空调、打开加湿器、除湿器等一些能够提高舒适度的动作。但是由于近年来空气污染日趋严重，空气中的细小颗粒越来越多，气象局也开始进行空气质量指数的预报。但是室内的空气质量指数却无法精确预报，室内PM2.5浓度。所以我们在系统中加入了对粉尘浓度的测量。
同时，手机已不仅仅是一个打电话、发短信的工具，而是人们生活中一个综合的多功能的且必不可少的部分。我们设计了蓝牙模块，以便人们可以在手机上接收到与室内环境相关的数据。本文以室内环境监测为背景，设计出以STC89C52RC低功耗单片机为主芯片的无线环境监测系统[16]，系统包括三个模块：一是数据采集模块，包括温湿度采集和粉尘浓度采集，使用温湿度传感器DHT11和粉尘浓度传感器GP2Y1014AU。二是无线传输模块，主要是HC-05蓝牙模块。三是数据接收模块，本人使用的是红米4x手机，蓝牙4.0，蓝牙助手app。
本系统采用C语言编写，keil4软件，stc-isp烧写软件。系统性能指针精度湿度+-5%RH， 温度+-2 ，量程湿度20-90%RH， 温度0~50 ，直径0.8微米以上的微小粒子浓度。
关键词：89C52RC单片机；DHT11传感器；粉尘浓度传感器；蓝牙传输

Design of Temperature and Humidity and Dust Concentration Monitoring System Based on Bluetooth and 51 MCU
Abstract: In contemporary family life, the temperature and humidity are important factors affecting the comfort of the human body. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are very unfamiliar with the distance from the ocean and very wet, and the winter temperature is low and the summer temperature is high. , Need to be able to measure the temperature and humidity of the system, to help people understand their own surroundings, timely make window, open air conditioning, open the humidifier, dehumidifier and some other activities to improve comfort.However, due to the increasing air pollution in recent years, more and more small particles in the air, the Bureau of Meteorology has begun to carry out the air quality index forecast. But the indoor air quality index can not be accurately predicted, indoor PM2.5 concentration. So we added a measure of dust concentration in the system.At the same time, smart phones are not only a machine designed for calling and texting .It is a machine that we cannot leave. So we designed the Bluetooth module, so that people can receive on the phone and indoor environment-related statistic.In this paper, the indoor environment monitoring as the background, designed to STC89C52RC low-power single-chip microcomputer-based wireless environment monitoring system. First, statistic acquisition module, including temperature and humidity collection and dust concentration collection, the use of temperature and humidity sensors DHT11 and dust concentration sensor GP2Y1014AU. Second, the wireless transmission module, mainly HC-05 Bluetooth module. Third, the STATICSTIC receiving module, I use the Hongmi 2A mobile phone, Bluetooth 4.0, Bluetooth Assistant app.The system uses C language, keil4 software, stc-isp programming software. System performance accuracy of humidity + -5% RH, temperature +2 ℃, range of humidity 20-90% RH, temperature 0 ~ 50 ℃, 0.8 microns or more small particle concentration.
Key words:MCU;DHT11; GP2Y1014AU;HC-05
 

目 录
1 绪论    2
1.1课题研究的背景和意义    2
1.2 室内空气监测系统的意义    2
1.3室内环境监测系统研究现状    2
2 设计方案    2
2.1 方案一    2
2.2 方案二    2
2.3 方案三    2
3 硬件设计    2
3.1  STC89C52RC单片机    2
3.1.1  51单片机的引脚信号及功能    2
3.1.2  51单片机外部总线结构    2
3.2  ADC0832数模转换模块    2
3.2.1 芯片引脚说明    2
3.2.2 单片机对ADC0832的控制原理：    2
3.3 HC-05蓝牙模块    2
3.3.1 模块引脚说明    2
3.3.2 模块状态说明    2
3.4 粉尘传感器GP2Y1014AU0F    2
3.4.1 引脚功能说明    2
3.4.2 检出方法    2
3.4.3 粉尘传感器模块的电路设计    2
3.4.4 粉尘和烟雾的判别    2
3.5 DHT11温湿度检测模块    2
3.5.1 引脚功能说明    2
3.5.2 传感器性能说明    2
3.5.3 温湿度传感模块的电路设计    2
3.6 单片机最小系统    2
4 软件程序设计    2
4.1 软件概述    2
4.1.1 Keil  软件    2
4.1.2 STC-ISP刻录软件    2
4.1.3 Altium Desiger绘图软件    2
4.2 程序设计    2
4.2.1 主程序    2
4.2.2 ADC0832    2
4.2.3粉尘传感器GP2Y1014AU0F    2
4.2.4 HC-05蓝牙模块程序设计    2
4.2.5  DHT11温湿度模块程序    2
4.2.6 中断服务子程序    2
5 系统的调试和实现    2
5.1 误差分析    2
5.2 出现的问题和解决方案    2
5.3 系统的运行    2
5.4 实物图效果图    2
6 总结    2
参考文献    28
致谢    29