基于单片机的热能表研究
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基于单片机的热能表研究(任务书,开题报告,论文12000字)
摘要
如今,我国北方城镇居民的供暖收费存在一定的问题——按居民区住宅面积而不是实际用热量收费,这就会导致多方面的问题。一方面用户节能意识不佳,用多用少费用都是一样,倒不如无节制的使用。另一方面,用户对热量的随意浪费,对环境造成了严重的污染,对能源造成了严重的浪费。很显然,这种收费方式既不科学也不合理。早先年,我国多家企业引进国外的热能表,这就带来了另外一个问题。欧洲国家对于热能表的研究历史比较久远,他们对于核心技术的掌握度高,但他们生产的热能表价格太高,对于普通用户来说无法接受这样的定价,所以无法大规模推广。因此,研究一种既符合中国国情的,又经济实用的热能表是非常必要的。
本论文介绍了以AT89C51为核心部件的热能表。我设计的热能表仿真部分由单片机,测温模块,测流量模块,显示模块和电源模块共同组成;软件部分由主程序,采集流量程序,采集温度程序,A/D转换程序,热量计算程序,显示程序组成;最后分析热能表模块的精度范围。
通过我们对温度和流量的采集,经过单片机计算,然后在显示模块上面显示温度、流量、热量这些信息,以完成对用户的收费统计[1]。为我国北方供暖体制提供了一种成本低,性能优,较为精确的新型热能表。
关键词:单片机 热能表 温度 流量 热能
Research on Thermal Energy Meter Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Abstract
Nowadays, there are certain problems in the heating charge of urban residents in northern China - charging by the residential area of the residential area rather than the actual heat consumPtion, which will lead to many problems. On the one hand, users have a poor sense of energy conservation, and they are using the same amount of money for many purposes. It is better to use them without restraint. On the other hand, users are free to waste heat and cause serious environmental pollution and energy waste. Obviously, this type of fee collection lacks scientificity and rationality. In the earlier years, many companies in China introduced foreign heat energy meters, which brought another problem. Although the research time for heat energy meters abroad is relatively long and the technology is relatively mature, the price of imported heat energy meters is relatively expensive, and users are generally unable to accePt expensive prices, so they cannot be widely promoted. Therefore, it is very necessary to study a kind of economical and practical heat energy meter that conforms to China's national conditions.
This paper introduces the thermal energy meter based on STC89C52 microcontroller. The simulation part of the thermal energy meter designed by me consists of a single-chip microcomputer, a temperature measurement module, a flow measurement module, a display module and a power supply module; the software part consists of a main program, collects flow programs, collects temperature programs, A/D conversion, heat calculation programs, and display programs. Composition; finally analyze the accuracy range of the heat energy meter module.
Temperature and flow through was collected, we calculate the temperature of the display module, and heat flow. It provides a new type of heat energy meter with low cost, excellent performance and accuracy for the heating system in northern China.Keywords : thermal energy meter single-chip energy calculation.
Keywords :Microcontroller ; Thermal energy meter ; Temperature ; Flow ; Thermal energy calculatio
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 研究课题的意义 1
1.2 国内外的研究现状及特点 1
1.2.1 国外研究现状及特点 1
1.2.2 国内研究现状及特点 2
1.3 研究内容和方法 2
第二章 热能表系统总体结构设计 4
2.1 热能表系统的原理与组成 4
2.1.1 热能表的基本原理 4
2.1.2 热能表的结构框架 4
2.2 热量计算的基本公式 5
2.2.1 热量计算公式 5
2.2.2 热量计算公式的选择 5
2.3 单片机的选择和简介 7
2.4 流量传感器的选择和介绍 8
2.5 温度传感器的选择和介绍 9
2.6 显示模块的选择和介绍 10
第三章 热能表硬件系统设计 11
3.1 主电路的设计 11
3.2 流量传感器电路的设计 12
3.3 温度传感器电路的设计 12
3.4 显示模块电路的设计 14
第四章 热能表软件系统设计 15
4.1 设计思路以及流程图 15
4.1.1 设计思路 15
4.1.2 主程序的设计 15
4.2 定时器T0以及串行中断流程图设计 18
4.3 热量计算子程序设计 19
4.4 液晶显示子程序设计 21
4.5 A/D转换程序设计 23
第五章 实验仿真及结论 25
5.1 实验仿真 25
5.1.1 仿真软件的简介 25
5.1.2 仿真结果 25
5.2 结论 26
参考文献 28
致谢 29