Microsoft Visual C++多平台的开发

Microsoft Visual C++多平台的开发(中文4400字,英文3400字)
中文翻译
在今天，多平台的开发是一个热门课题。开发人员希望能够支持不同的平台，例如Windows 3.x, Windows NT, 和 Windows 95 操作系统, 还有Apple, Macintosh, UNIX, 和 RISC (reduced instruction set computer)等。直到不久之前，希望开发多平台任务的开发者们，只有很少的几种选择：
•    根据各个平台的不同的应用程序接口，为每个平台准备一份单独的代码。
•    利用能跨平台的工具所提供的“虚拟API”。
•    构建们自己的多平台层并支持它。
但是到了今天，有了一种新的办法。开发人员可以通过使用微软和第三方的工具，把他们现存的针对Windows API写的代码，对以上列举的各种平台重新编译。本文要关注的就是与这种新办法相关的方法和论点。

外文原文
Multiple-platform development is a hot issue today. Developers want to be able to support diverse platforms such as the Microsoft® Windows® version 3.x, Microsoft Windows NT®, and Microsoft Windows 95 operating systems, and Apple®, Macintosh®, UNIX, and RISC (reduced instruction set computer) machines. Until recently, developers wanting to build versions of their application for more than one platform had few choices:
•    Maintain separate code bases for each platform, written to the platform's native application programming interface (API).
•    Write to a "virtual API" such as those provided by cross-platform toolsets.
•    Build their own multiple-platform layer and support it.
Today, however, a new choice exists. Developers can use their existing code written to the Windows API and, using tools available from Microsoft and third parties, recompile for all of the platforms listed above. This paper looks at the methods and some of the issues involved in doing so.
Currently the most lucrative market for graphical user interface (GUI) applications, after Microsoft Windows, is the Apple Macintosh. However, vast differences separate these wholly different operating systems, requiring developers to learn new APIs, programming paradigms, and tools. Generally, Macintosh development requires a separate code base from the Windows sources, increasing the complexity of maintenance and enhancement.