基于PLC的中央空调控制系统的设计(附梯形图程序)

基于PLC的中央空调控制系统的设计(附梯形图程序)(论文13000字)
摘    要
中央空调应用场合越来越多，商场、写字楼、工厂等等，过去的控制体系在调整温度参数的过程中需要耗费众多能量，因此被逐渐淘汰。现阶段针对中央空调而言，客户越来越注重设备的舒适与低能耗特性。文中重点关注中央空调的总控体系，为进一步提升以上特性创造基准条件。
文中主要研究了中央空调控制枢纽的组成成分、不同类别及其对应的工作机理；阐述了该设备的控制系统的特性、构造及种类；设计中央空调的控制要求以酒店为例,完成了整体流程图和PLC阶梯图形，针对设备的PLC控制体系展开全面设计规划，此外还涉及到设备的调试与工作维护；紧接着利用WinCC flexible实现了中央空调监控体系的构造。通过对监控体系的调试及实际应用可知，上位机可有效实现同PLC之间的互控，设计监控体系功能方面非常全面，操作性能优越。
该系统采取西门子公司生产的型号为S7-300PLC当作主控模块，基于之前的PID控制策略，通过PLC来操控水阀的打开程度，确保该体系能够按照具体负荷对流量进行调整，该方法不仅可确保恒定室温，同时还可节约众多资源。接着通过西门子公司推出的上位机完成了人机交互页面的设计，交互页面包含体系运行流程图、装置工作停止操控、运行状态监控、趋势曲线、警示信息等众多相关功能。最后利用组态平台WinCC实现体系的组态构建。
关键词:中央空调;PLC;WinCC flexible;

Abstract
Central air conditioning applications, more and more shopping malls, office buildings, factories and so on, the past control system in the process of adjusting temperature parameters requires lots of energy, so have been phased out.At this stage for central air conditioning, the customer is more and more attention to comfort and low energy consumption characteristics of the equipment.In this paper, we focus on the general control of the central air conditioning system, in order to further improve the above features datum.
This paper mainly studies the central air conditioning control system composition and working mechanism of different types and their corresponding;Expounds the character of the device of control system, structure and types;Design of central air-conditioning control requirements in hotels, for example, completed the overall flow diagram and PLC ladder graphics, in view of the equipment of PLC control system, comprehensive planning, and also involves the equipment debugging and maintenance work;Then use WinCC flexible structure monitoring system of central air conditioning is realized.Through debugging and practical application of monitoring system, the PC can effectively realize the mutual control with PLC, very comprehensive monitoring system function design, superior performance.
The system adopt Siemens production model for S7-300 PLC as main control module, PID control strategy based on before, through the PLC to control the degree of open the water valve, to ensure that the system can adjust flow according to the specific load, the method not only ensures a constant room temperature, and can also save many resources.Then by Siemens's PC to complete the man-machine interactive page design, interactive page contains system flow chart, installation work stop control, running state monitoring, trend curve, warnings, and many other related functions.Finally use WinCC configuration platform to realize the system configuration of the building.
Key words: Central air conditioning;PLC;WinCC flexible
 

目    录
摘    要    Ⅱ
ABSTRACT    Ⅲ
1 绪论    1
1.1 中央空调系统简介    1
1.2 中央空调构成及工作原理    1
1.3中央空调输送部分设备    1
1.4本课题意义及主要内容    1
2 中央空调的控制技术    2
2.1中央空调控制系统简介及特点    2
2.2中央空调控制系统的结构    2
2.3中央空调的控制技术    4
2.4中央空调系统中监控系统    4
3 中央空调监控系统的PLC设计    5
3.1可编程序控制器PLC概述    5
3.2 PLC的分类    5
3.3 PLC的特点    5
3.4 PLC的基本组成    5
3.5 SIMATIC MANAGER的应用介绍    7
3.6中央空调系统的PLC设计    8
3.7中央空调系统的程序设计    9
4 中央空调系统的监控设计    18
4.1 WINCC FLEXIBLE简介    18
4.2 人机界面设计    18
4.3中央空调控制系统的监视与控制    21
结    论    24
致    谢    25
参考文献    26
附    录    27
附录1：梯形图程序    27