基于单片机的频率测量与显示系统设计

基于单片机的频率测量与显示系统设计(任务书,开题报告,外文翻译,论文14000字)
摘要
随着科学计数的发展与社会的进步，人们对信号频率的测量的应用越来越广泛，而这同时也促使了对频率测量仪器的性能要求越来越高，如提高其准确和便捷性。尤其是准确度，有时候会要求精确到小数点好几位。因此，设计出一款既有足够广的范围，又有足够高的精度，且成本较低，耗能较小的频率测量装置是尤为必要的。
单片机就是一款集成芯片，具有体积小、功能强，性价比较高等特点。它以一种软硬件结合的形式工作。用硬件实现的功能可以通过软件程序载入到单片机上实现，而软件可以降低电路设计的成本，往往只需要增减几段代码就可以实现不同的功能，替代了硬件电路设计过程中修改时的不便，更是降低了硬件电路设计的难度，使得出错率减小。再者，提高频率测量的精度还可以通过软件调试的方法来实现。
为此，本文介绍了以STC89C52单片机为核心，充分利用其内部资源并与各种集成芯片搭建电路，实现对一个连续周期信号的频率测量，并通过LCD液晶屏输出显示被测信号频率，满足了不同电子测量系统对测量精度的要求。

关键词：单片机，定时器，分频，频率
 
Abstract
With the development of scientific counting and the advancement of society, people have become more and more widely used in the measurement of signal frequency, which also promotes the higher performance requirements of frequency measuring instruments, such as improving their accuracy and convenience. Especially accuracy, sometimes it is required to be accurate to several decimal places. Therefore, it is especially necessary to design a frequency measuring device that has a wide enough range and high enough precision, and has low cost and low energy consumption.
The single chip microcomputer is an integrated chip, which has the characteristics of small size, strong function and high cost performance. It works in a combination of hardware and software. The functions realized by hardware can be realized by loading the software program into the single-chip microcomputer, and the software can reduce the cost of the circuit design, and often only need to increase or decrease a few pieces of code to realize different functions, instead of modifying the hardware circuit design process. Inconvenience is more difficult to reduce the hardware circuit design, so that the error rate is reduced. Furthermore, the accuracy of the frequency measurement can also be achieved by means of software debugging.
To this end, this paper introduces the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer as the core, makes full use of its internal resources and builds circuits with various integrated chips to realize the frequency measurement of a continuous cycle signal, and displays the measured signal frequency through the LCD screen to meet different requirements. The measurement accuracy requirements of electronic measuring systems.
Keywords: single chip microcontroller, timer, frequency, frequency division
 

目录
第1章绪论    1
1.1 目的及意义    1
1.2 国内外研究概况    1
1.3 研究内容和方法    4
第2章频率测量与显示系统的方案论证与设计    5
2.1 频率测量与显示系统的总体结构    5
2.2 放大电路模块的选型和论证    6
2.3 整形电路模块的选型和论证    6
2.4 单片机主控模块的选型和论证    6
2.5 显示模块的选型和论证    7
2.6 分频电路模块的选型和论证    7
第3章频率测量系统硬件电路设计    8
3.1 三极管放大电路模块设计    8
3.2 施密特整形电路模块设计    9
3.3 单片机主控模块设计    12
3.4 LCD液晶显示模块设计    13
3.5 100分频电路模块设计    14
第4章频率测量系统软件设计    17
4.1 液晶初始化子函数    18
4.2 定时器中断函数    19
第5章频率测量系统仿真调试    20
第6章结论    25
参考文献    26
致谢    27
附录A 频率测量系统整体原理图    28
附录B 频率测量系统整体仿真电路    29
附录C 频率测量系统程序清单    30