基于单片机的家居环境状态监控系统设计

基于单片机的家居环境状态监控系统设计(任务书,开题报告,论文12300字)
摘要
一个舒适健康的家居环境对于现在追求幸福生活的人们尤为重要。现代令人满意的家居环境要满足安全、舒适等条件，因此智能家居给人类提高生活居住水平带来了途径。本次设计的智能家居系统的内容：智能开光灯光系统，根据光照不同来调整照明或者窗帘；第二个是室内的可冷可暖空调系统，智能地保持一定范围的室内温度；第三个是室内加湿系统，让室内湿度保持正常的范围。系统采用单片机STC89C52作为主控模块，温湿度传感器DHT11和光敏电阻作为信号采集模块，继电器作为控制设备的开关端。
本设计完成的主要研究内容如下：
（1）对家居环境的基本量进行筛选，选择了三个基本因子做为本次设计的控制量。
（2）分析了家居环境的三个量的适用量程，根据设计的实际情况选择硬件。
（3）在对市面上的传感器等硬件进行比对筛选，选择了DHT11温湿度传感器和光敏电阻作为信号采集端。
（4）系统中的显示结果含有多个数字、字符等进行同屏显示，并且根据成本的因素最终选择了LCD1602显示器。
（5）在以单片机为核心的家居环境状态监控系统进行了成功的实验。
关键词：智能家居；单片机；DHT11；状态监控

Abstract
A comfortable and healthy home environment is especially important for people pursuing a happy life now. Modern satisfactory household environment should meet the conditions of safety, comfort and so on, so the intelligent home brings a way for human to improve the living standard. The content of the intelligent home system designed this time: intelligent lighting system, adjust lighting or curtains according to different lighting conditions; The second is the indoor cooling and warming air conditioning system, which keeps a certain range of indoor temperature intelligently. The third is the indoor humidification system, which keeps the indoor humidity within the normal range. The system adopts single chip microcomputer STC89C52 as the main control module, temperature and humidity sensor DHT11 and photosensitive resistance as the signal acquisition module, and relay as the switching end of the control equipment.
The main research contents of this design are as follows:
(1) the basic quantity of home environment was screened, and three basic factors were selected as the control quantity of this design.
(2) analyzed three applicable ranges of household environment, and selected hardware according to the actual design situation.
(3) in comparison and screening of sensors and other hardware on the market, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor and photosensitive resistance were selected as signal acquisition terminals.
(4) select A type of sensitivity that meets the design requirements for A/D conversion.
(5) the display results in the system contain multiple Numbers, characters, etc. for the same screen display, and LCD1602 display was finally selected according to the cost.
(6) a successful experiment was conducted in the home environment condition monitoring system with single-chip microcomputer as the core.
Key words: smart home; Single chip microcomputer; DHT11; Condition monitoring 

设计内容
本次毕业设计，时间和经费有所约束，因此本次智能家居设计的内容大致定为以下基础功能：第一个是智能开光灯光系统（Intelligent Lighting System），根据光照不同来调整照明或者窗帘；第二个是室内的可冷可暖空调系统（Thermostats & HVAC Controls），智能地保持一定范围的室内温度；第三个是室内加湿系统（Indoor humidifying system），让室内湿度保持正常的范围。
 

目录
第1章绪论    1
1.1选题背景    1
1.1.1智能家居的基本概念    1
1.1.2国内外发展情况    1
1.2选题分析    3
1.2.1需求分析    3
1.2.2设计内容    3
第2章 总体方案    4
2.1主控模块    5
2.1.1 STC89C52单片机简介    5
2.1.2 8052单片机各引脚功能介绍    6
2.1.2  单片机最小系统    8
2.2亮度模块    10
2.2.1光敏电阻简介    10
2.3温湿度模块    11
2.2.1 DHT11简介    11
2.2.2  操作过程    11
2.4显示部分    12
2.3.1 1602液晶简介    13
2.3.2 指令说明    14
2.5继电器介绍    15
第3章 系统设计    16
3.1硬件设计    16
3.2软件设计    17
3.2.1 LCD初始化显示模块    17
第4章实物效果    21
4.1实物主要硬件展示    21
4.2实物工作效果展示    23
4.2.1温度控制展示    23
4.2.2湿度控制展示    25
4.2.3亮度控制展示    27
第5章 总结    29
参考文献    30
致谢    31