基于单片机的家庭环境监测系统设计

基于单片机的家庭环境监测系统设计(任务书,开题报告,论文12000字)
摘  要
随着社会的进步发展，人们不再仅仅追求基本的生活保障，而是越来越重视生活质量。室内环境作为不可忽视的一个方面越来越受到关注，大量的生活用品以及装修材料的普及给我们的生活带来了诸多隐患。因此，设计一个实时室内环境监测系统，以保证我们居住环境的安全显得十分必要。
本文主要设计一个基于单片机的家庭有害气体及温湿度的环境监测系统。技术方案如下：以AT89S52单片机为控制核心，以MQ-2、MQ-138、MQ-7、DHT11为测量元件，以数码管为显示模块，利用无线串口通信模块与上位机一起构成室内环境监测系统。论文完成了各个模块的软硬件设计，包括：传感器数据采集与处理模块、显示输出驱动模块、与上位机无线串口通信模块。最终实现了监测室内环境，实时显示相关数据并将其传送到PC机,进行保存分析的功能。
    本系统能够同时监测多种环境因素，而且价格合适，非常适用于家庭环境监测。

关键词：单片机；传感器；家庭环境

Abstract
With the development of society, people do not only pursue the basic life security, but pay more attention to the quality of life. As an important aspect, the indoor environment has been paid more and more attention. The popularity of a large number of daily necessities and decoration materials has brought a lot of hidden dangers to our lives. People are most concerned about the problem of formaldehyde caused by decoration materials, but in fact, the indoor environment not only includes formaldehyde, as well as PM2.5, carbon monoxide, temperature and humidity, and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to design a real-time indoor environment monitoring system to ensure the safety of our living environment.
In this paper, an environmental monitoring system for harmful gases and temperature and humidity based on single chip microcomputer is designed. The technical scheme of the design are as follows: AT89S52 microcontroller to control the core, with MQ-2、MQ-138、MQ-7, DHT11 as the measuring element, digital tube display, and use the wireless serial communication module and host computer communication, constitute the indoor environment monitoring system. The hardware and software design of each module is completed in this paper,  including: sensor data acquisition and processing module, display output driver module, and wireless communication module. Finally, it realizes the monitoring of indoor environment, real-time display of relevant data, and transfer it to the PC machine for storage and analysis functions.
The system designed to monitor a variety of environmental factors at the same time, and the price is appropriate, very suitable for monitoring the family environment.

Key Words: single chip microcomputer; sensor; family environment

目录
第1章绪论    1
1.1引言    1
1.2家庭环境监测系统的现状    1
1.3设计目的及内容    2
第2章系统硬件设计    3
2.1 CPU模块设计    3
2.1.1 CPU芯片选择    3
2.1.2 AT89S52简介    3
2.1.3 AT89S52的最小系统    5
2.2温湿度监测模块设计    6
2.2.1 温湿度传感器选择    6
2.2.2 DHT11模块设计    7
2.3气体监测模块设计    7
2.3.1气体监测传感器选择    7
2.3.2 MQ型传感器设计方案    8
2.4 显示模块设计    9
2.4.1 显示方式的选择    9
2.4.2 LCD1602模块的设计    10
2.5 A/D转换模块设计    11
2.5.1 A/D转换芯片的选择    11
2.5.1 A/D转换芯片的选择    11
2.5串口通信模块设计    16
2.6系统硬件电路框架    17
第3章系统软件设计    18
3.1编程语言选择    18
3.2 A/D转换模块    18
3.3 DHT11传感器模块    22
3.4 显示模块    26
3.5主函数模块    29
3.6 串口通信模块    36
第4章结论    39
参考文献    44
致谢    45