基于51单片机的自动浇花系统设计(附原理图,程序清单)

基于51单片机的自动浇花系统设计(附原理图,程序清单)(论文13700字)
摘要：随着人们生活水平的提高，人们对物质的追求渐渐上升到了精神的享受层面，面对纷纷扰扰的世界，许多人选择用养花种草的方式排解压力，盆栽花朵不仅仅能够装点室内，更加美观，还可以净化空气，令人心情大好，但往往人们的工作繁忙，有时无暇照顾花朵植物，经常忘记给花朵浇水，造成美丽的花朵缺水凋零。针对上述问题，本文拟设计一款能够自动浇花的装置，能够实时监测土壤的湿度，并能够监测周围环境温湿度以及光照强度，根据综合环境因素来控制水泵的运行，实现自动浇花功能。
本文首先针对自动浇花系统的要求和特点，从整体出发进行系统结构的设计，之后详细介绍各个模块的组成器件，在选用合适的传感器基础上，设计出了一套基于51单片机的自动浇花系统。由于选用的土壤湿度传感器和光敏电阻是模拟量信号输出，需要增加A/D转换电路，才能够直接将信号传送给单片机识别。本次设计还增加了按键设置湿度等参数阈值，在土壤湿度低于阈值并且满足光照度设定阈值时，系统便通过继电器控制启动水泵浇水，防止植物缺水。另外，使用LCD液晶显示屏，实时显示土壤湿度以及周围环境的温湿度、光照度值。最后，经过软硬件联合调试测验，证明系统设计合理，并且成本低、运行可靠，兼容性好。
关键词：单片机；温湿度检测；自动浇花

Design of automatic flower-pouring system based on 51 single-chip microcomputer
Abstract: With the improvement of people's living standard, people's pursuit of material gradually rise to the enjoyment of the spirit of the level, in the face of chaos in the world, many people choose to use flowers and grasses to resolve the pressure, potted flowers can not only decorate the room, more beautiful, but also can purify the air, it is good mood, but often people's work is busy Sometimes no time to take care of flower plants, often forget to water the flowers, resulting in the beautiful flowers and withered. In view of the above problems, this paper intends to design a device that can automatically water the flowers, can monitor the humidity of the soil in real time, monitor the ambient temperature and humidity and illumination intensity, control the running of the pump according to the comprehensive environmental factors, and realize the function of automatically watering the flower. In this paper, firstly, according to the requirements and characteristics of the automatic watering system, the system structure is designed from the whole, then the components of each module are introduced in detail, and a set of automatic pouring flower system based on 51 single-chip microcomputer is designed. As the selection of soil moisture sensor and photoresistors is analog signal output, the need to increase A/D conversion circuit, can directly transmit the signal to the SCM identification. The design also increased the key to set humidity and other parameters threshold, in the soil moisture below the threshold and to meet the illuminance set threshold, the system will be controlled by the relay to start water pump water, to prevent plant shortage. In addition, the use of LCD LCD screen, real-time display of soil moisture and ambient temperature and humidity, illuminance value. Finally, through the combination of software and hardware debugging test, proved that the system design reasonable, and low cost, reliable operation, good compatibility.
Keywords: single chip microcomputer; temperature and humidity detection; automatic flower-pouring
 

目  录
1 绪论    1
1.1 研究背景及意义    1
1.2 研究现状    2
1.3 设计任务内容    2
2 系统的总体设计    3
2.1 设计原则    3
2.2 整体结构    3
2.3 设计目标    4
3 系统的硬件选型    5
3.1 控制器的选取    5
3.2 土壤湿度传感器选取    6
3.3 温湿度传感器的选取    7
3.4 A/D转换模块的选择    8
3.5 显示器的选择    9
4 系统的硬件设计    10
4.1 单片机最小系统    10
4.2 ADC0832接口电路设计    11
4.3 土壤湿度传感器与光敏电阻电路接口电路设计    12
4.4 温湿度传感器接口电路设计    13
4.5 LCD液晶显示屏接口设计    13
4.6 按键电路设计    14
4.7 声光报警电路设计    14
4.8 继电器控制水泵电路设计    15
5 系统软件设计    16
5.1 系统主程序设计    16
5.2 按键程序设计    16
5.3 A/D转换子程序设计    17
5.4 声光报警及水泵启动程序设计    17
6 系统测试    19
6.1 程序下载    19
6.2 测试系统的运行    19
6.3 测试浇水功能    20
6.4 系统的稳定性测试    21
7 总结    22
参考文献    23
致  谢    24
附录    25