基于FPGA的数控机床通信接口设计

基于FPGA的数控机床通信接口设计(任务书,开题报告,论文说明书18000字)
摘要
随着现代制造业的不断发展，传统的数控机床由于功能单一、扩展性差等缺点，已经无法适应日益严苛的市场需求。基于模块化设计的数控机床则可以根据使用者需求的不同，将各个模块自由组合、搭配使用，具有很高的灵活性和扩展性。通信接口电路的设计与实现在数控机床生产中具有重要意义和价值。本设计是一种基于FPGA芯片开发的可扩展式微型接口板，主要应用在输入输出设备跟数控系统之间，可为外部设备与数控系统之间的数据互联提供重要桥梁，同时可提升系统灵活性、可扩展性和兼容性。
本文主要研究基于HNC-8型数控系统下的通信接口电路的设计与实现，重点研究可重构性硬件设计方法和FPGA基本设计原理。论文首先介绍数控系统的研究现状与总线技术及FPGA基本原理，然后根据HNC-8型数控系统硬件平台设计并制造了基于FPGA芯片的接口电路，并在Altium Designer软件中完成硬件电路仿真与PCB绘制。根据IP核接口编写FPGA部分代码，实现数据的在线读取与传输。通过对电路时序的仿真分析，验证数控机床基于FPGA的数据传输过程。通过本文的研究，可以进一步提升数控机床在开发与使用上的灵活性与便利性，同时也将使远程控制与集中控制成为可能，极大简化传统数控机床的操作流程，节约企业大量的人力物力，降低企业的生产成本。
关键字：数控系统；NCUC总线；FPGA；可重构设计

Abstract
   With the development of modern manufacturing,traditional CNC machine tools become unable to adapt to increasingly stringent market demands because of their single function and poor scalability. Modular reconfigurable CNC machine tools can use different modules much flexibly according to different needs of users.Thisdesign,amicro-interface boardbased on FPGA chip which is mainly used in input and output equipment and CNC system,is an important bridge between the external equipment and numerical control system.Theindex of the system such as flexibility, scalability and compatibility are also hot subject in today's communication interface circuitresearch.Therefore, the communication interface has been an important technique to be used in the design and production of numerical control system.
   This paper mainly studies the design and implementation of the communication interface circuit based on the HNC-8 numerical control system, and focuses on the reconfigurable hardware design method and the basic design principle of the FPGA. This paper firstly introduces the research status of NC system and the basic principle of bus technology and FPGA. Secondly, the interface board circuit is designed according to the hardware platform of HNC-8 CNC system, and the hardware circuit simulation and PCB drawing are completed in Altium Designer software. Then, the code of IP core is completed to realize data reading and transferring. Through the simulation of circuit timing analysis, the success of data transmission via FPGA has been validated. From this paper, we improved the flexibility and convenience of CNC machine tools in design and manufacturing, and make it possible for remote control and centralized control. It can not only simplify the operation process of traditional CNC machine tools, but also save a large number of resources and the cost of production.
Key words:  numerical control system, NCUC bus, FPGA, reconfigurable design

目录
摘要    I
Abstract    II
目录    III
第1章绪论    1
1.1选题背景及意义    1
1.2主要研究内容及目标    2
1.3国内外研究现状    2
1.4论文章节安排    3
第2章 CNC与FPGA原理介绍    5
2.1现场总线技术    5
2.2 FPGA综述    6
2.2.1 FPGA的基本工作原理    6
2.2.2 FPGA的芯片结构    7
2.3可重构数控系统    9
2.4数控机床监测原理    9
第3章接口板电路设计    11
3.1 FPGA控制模块    12
3.2 以太网收发电路模块    14
3.2.1物理层收发器（PHY）    14
3.2.2网络变压器（NT）    15
3.3接口板电路仿真    16
3.3.1 接口板电路原理图    16
3.3.2 接口板电路的PCB设计    17
3.4扩展性分析    18
第4章 FPGA开发流程及仿真工具    20
4.1硬件设计语言    20
4.2基本的设计流程    20
4.3 仿真及开发工具的介绍    22
第5章 FPGA接口电路设计    24
5.1 IP核介绍    24
5.2 IP核配置模块    25
5.3工作时序    26
5.4 LED显示模块    32
5.5 时钟信号模块    33
第6章总结与展望    35
6.1全文总结    35
6.2展望未来    35
参考文献    37
附录    38
致谢    42