J2EE开发框架-信息系统发展前景

J2EE开发框架-信息系统发展前景(中文6000字,英文2800字)
摘要
分析了基于J2EE框架的专家系统软件的特点和发展优势。本文讨论了专家系统的基本结构和工作原理。重点研究基于J2EE的专家系统的总体设计和实现方法。
Java 2企业版在标准化许多重要的中间设备内容方面有重要的作用。例如，J2EE为分布式事务管理，目录服务和消息传递提供了标准接口。此外，支持J2EE的Java 2标准版（J2SE）为与关系数据库的JAVA交互提供了一个非常成功的标准。
但是，正如“J2EE缺乏应用程序编程支持”杂志报道所解释的那样，该平台未能提供令人满意的应用程序编程模型。
Sun Microsystems和大型应用服务器供应商大都通过提倡开发工具来隐藏J2EE的复杂性来回应这个问题。但是，用于管理J2EE组件的工具并不像使用JAVA语言的工具那样好，它具有复杂的重构功能，并且J2EE工具的支持作用通常不如Microsoft.NET平台。许多J2EE工具本身都很复杂，它们生成的代码也是如此。
开源领域的许多人，特别是较小的供应商，已经选择了开发框架的替代方案，旨在简化构建J2EE应用程序的体验。诸如Struts，Hibernate和Spring Framework等流行框架在当今许多J2EE开发项目中发挥着重要作用。
J2EE Development Frameworks
                                 -IT Systems Perspectives
Java 2 Enterprise Edition has excelled at standardizing many important middleware concepts. For example, J2EE provides a standard interface for distributed transaction management, directory services, and messaging. In addition, Java 2 Standard Edition (J2SE), which underpins J2EE, provides a largely successful standard for JAVA interaction with relational databases.
However, as the “J2EE’s Lack of Application Programming Support” sidebar explains, the platform has failed to deliver a satisfactory application programming model.
Sun Microsystems and the large application server vendors have traditionally responded to this problem by advocating development tools as a way to hide J2EE’s complexity. However, tools for managing J2EE artifacts aren’t nearly as good as tools for working with the JAVA language, with their sophisticated refactoring capabilities, and J2EE tool support is generally inferior to that of the Microsoft .NET platform. Many J2EE tools are themselves complex, as is the code they generate.
Many in the open source community, especially smaller vendors, have chosen the alternative of developing frameworks designed to simplify the experience of building J2EE applications. Popular frameworks such as Struts, Hibernate, and the Spring Framework play an important role in many of today’s J2EE development projects.