电子鼻：研究现状与未来趋势

电子鼻：研究现状与未来趋势(中文5000字,英文2700字)
1.引言
多德和佩尔绍德介绍了一个作为模仿哺乳动物嗅觉系统的识别装置的电子鼻的想法，该方法中他们用了三种不同的金属氧化物气体传感器和有关这些传感器的稳态信号分析的几种物质。在这个领域工作最开始的期望目标是仪器评估方法的描述方式，比如水果、草、泥土、味道等可靠的电子鼻测量结果。换句话说就是捕捉“味道指纹”或“识别的气味”。即使一个人只专注于不同的敏感特性的技术传感器和生物受体，这也并不奇怪，尽管经历了25年的研究且电子鼻相对人鼻的是在最好的情况下，实现全部功能也是不大可能的，就好像蜜蜂与人类的眼睛相比较一样，人眼只能看见可见光谱，但蜜蜂却可以看到的其他波长的光波。仅在明确定义的情况下，人的气味印象和电子鼻数据之间的相关性是有意义的。另一方面对于没有任何气味的挥发物的评价分析，如可检测炸药的识别分析。因此，术语“电子鼻”可能会产生误导，让不知情的读者相信系统的能力可以比拟人类的鼻子，其实应当尽量避免使用“电子鼻”来代替“特定的应用程序传感器系统”这种词汇，然而现在“电子鼻”更容易让人接受。
Electronic Nose: Current Status and Future Trends
1.Introduction
Dodd and Persaud introduced the idea of an electronic nose as a device to mimic the discrimination of the mammalian olfactory system for smells.They used three different metal oxide gas sensors and identified several substances by the steady-state signals of these sensors. One of the initial hopes for work in this area was to instrumentally assess attribute descriptors such as fruity, grassy, earthy, malty, etc. Reliably by the results of an electronic nose measurement. In other words, capturing the “flavor fingerprint”or “recognizing the odor”. Even if one concentrates solely on the different sensitivity characteristics of technical sensors and biological receptors, it is not surprising that despite 25 years of research this is still not possible. The comparison between an electronic nose and a human nose is in the best case like the comparison of an eye of a bee with a human one.It is blind for a part of the visible spectrum but sensitive for other wavelengths. For this reason only in well-defined cases the correlation between human odor impressions and electronic nose data makes sense. On the other side the evaluation of nonodorant volatiles, such as the detection of explosives, becomes reachable. Therefore, the term “electronic nose”may be misleading and makes the uninformed reader believe in system capabilities comparable to those of the human nose.Attempts to avoid this term and to replace it (e.g., by“application-specific sensor system”) have not taken root up to now, and in most of the current literature the term“electronic nose”is still used.