论城市公交车辆调度的车载信息终端

 论城市公交车辆调度的车载信息终端(中文5000字,英文1000字)
   1.背景
在二十一世纪初，我国公共交通行业的国内信息化建设一直处于较低水平。大多数车辆在运行中仍然使用手写的调度清单、手动报站、车辆运行时间的手工计算等，这些较为落后的操作方法，使事故频繁发生，如超速、越步，越线停止等事故的发生居高不下。因而，在可操作范围内实现对公共交通车辆的有效的监督和管理并没有成功。当然公共交通环境也会随着地点发生变化
随着电子工业的迅速发展，各种车载电子设备慢慢的进入了市场，常用的一些电子设备如汽车LED显示屏、站板，乘客刷卡设备，站点广播设备，广播电视设备等。然而，所有这些电子设备的使用都未能提高公交公司的运营效率。目前我国的相关电子设备还没有统一的标准，设备的功能和性能都不一样，车辆设备的维修率居高不下，这些状况都不能适应公共交通工具的运行状况
在国家标准化管理委员会（SAC）和全国标准化技术委员会的领导下，海信集团下的海信智能交通科技部门，调查了众多的公交公司，通过努力找出了不同的运营模式和目前存在的一些问题。并且在深入的研究中，他们也考虑了城市公共交通车辆所处的具体的环境的特点，制定了符合合理的产品功能和性能要求的国家标准----车载信息终端的城市公共交通调度标准。这个标准结合并详述了产品功能和接口，不仅使于大多数地区的公共交通车辆能够在有限的资金内实现修理，并且大大的降低了修理率，另外还有效的保护了环境。该标准于2011年7月又官方正式发布，它的实施有力地促进了国内智能交通系统的发展。


On-vehicle Information Terminal of Urban Public Transit Dispatching
    1. Background
    By the early 21st century, the domestic information construction of the public transit industry had stayed at a lower level. Most vehicles in operation were still using hand-written dispatching list,
manual station-announcement and manual calculation of running vehicle times, so that accidents frequently occurred, such as over-speeding, over-stepping, delaying and overleaping stops. The operation units,however, failed in effective supervision and management. Also the environmental
conditions of public transit vehicles varied from place to place.
    With the rapid development of electronic industry, various kinds of onvehicle electronic equipment are coming into the market, such as in-car LED display, station board, passenger punchcard devices, station-announcement devices, broadcasting devices, etc., yet all of which fail to improve the operational efficiency of public transit companies. Currently, there are no unified standards for related electronic equipment in China or even in the world, so the equipment function and performance are different and the repair rate of on-vehicle devices remains high, failing to adjust to the operational situation of public transit vehicles.
    Under the leadership of Standardization Administration of China (SAC) and the national standardization technical committee on intelligent transportation system, Hisense TransTech, part of the
Hisense Group investigated numerous public transit companies and figured out different operation modes and the existing problems. Also in-depth researches were conducted on the environmental
characteristics of urban public transit vehicles, and a national standard was developed to meet the reasonable product function and performance requirements.The standard unifies and specifies the
product functions and interfaces, which not only meets the bus operation needs in most regions with limited cost, but also reduces the repair rate and protects the environment. The Standard was officially released in July 2011 and its implementation has effectively promoted the development of domestic Intelligent Transport System (ITS).