单片机的原理 The principle of SCM

单片机的原理 The principle of SCM(中文2800字,英文2000字)
单片机是一个完整的计算机系统集成在芯片上。尽管他的大部分功能集成在一个小芯片,但它有一个完整的计算机最需要的部分:CPU、内存、内部和外部总线系统,大多数CRT。同时集成、通信接口、定时器,实时时钟等外围设备。现在最强大的单片机系统甚至可以声音、图像、网络、复杂的输入输出系统集成在一个芯片上。单芯片,也被称为微控制器,因为这是第一次使用在工业控制领域。单片机只有CPU芯片专用处理器。最早的设计理念是通过大量的外设和CPU的集成芯片,使计算机系统更小、更容易地集成到一个更复杂的和严格的控制设备。英特尔Z80根据这个想法是最早的处理器设计,从那时起,单片机和专用处理器的发展会分道扬镳。早期单片机8或4。最成功的是英特尔的8031,因为简单、可靠、性能良好的赞誉。自8031年开发了MCS51系列单片机系统。基于系统的单片机系统直到现在还在广泛使用。随着工业控制领域的改善,开始了16位单片机,但因为性价比不理想并未广泛使用。90年代后随着消费电子产品开发,单片机技术得到了巨大的改善。作为英特尔i960系列尤其是后臂系列广泛应用,32位单片机迅速取代高端地位,16位单片机和进入主流市场。

The principle of SCM
   SCM is a complete computer systems integration on a chip.Although most of his functional integration on a small chip, but it has a complete computer need most of the parts: CPU, memory, internal and external bus system, most will have a CRT.At the same time integration, such as the communication interface, timer, real-time clock and other peripheral equipment.Now the most powerful single-chip microcomputer system can even voice, image, network, complex input/output system integration on a chip.Single chip, also known as micro controller, because it was first used in the field of industrial control.Single chip microcomputer by only CPU chip dedicated processors.Is the earliest design concept through the integration of a large number of peripherals and CPU in a chip, make the computer system smaller, more easily integrated into a more intricate and strict in volume control equipment.INTEL Z80 is the earliest according to this idea processor design, from then on, the development of microcontroller and dedicated processors will go their separate