超声波式液位测量仪表的设计

超声波式液位测量仪表的设计(任务书,开题报告,外文翻译,论文7800字)
摘  要
由于科技迅猛的发展，液位仪表的测量技术同样也发展很快，就本文而言，设计了基于超声波的液位测量系统，在文中着重介绍了超声波的相关知识，描绘了仪表总体的电路图，介绍了与超声波相关的电路，还有经过消除盲区和对环境温度进行采样，来提高距离测量的准确度。并采用超声波在空气中传输的距离和所消耗的时间这两者之间的关系，选择了AT89C51芯片来进行控制和对数据进行处理，然后通过这个芯片设计出了能够测量出两个点之间距离的液位检测系统。这个设计的组成成分为单片机控制、温度检测、超声波测距及液晶显示这四大部分。通过了文中设计出的检测液位的系统，对液面进行了测试，并对当时的环境温度进行采样来得到准确的声速，来计算液面与仪表之间的距离。这个系统拥有测量准确、容易控制、操作可靠的长处，能够及时地对液位进行检测。
关键词： 超声波技术  测量系统  液位  模块

Ultrasonic liquid level measuring instrument
Abstract
Due to the rapid development of science and technology, liquid level meter in the measurement technology is also developing quickly, for the purpose of this article, based on ultrasonic level measurement system is designed, in the article emphatically introduces the related knowledge of ultrasonic, describes the overall circuit diagram of the instrument, this paper introduces the ultrasonic related circuit, and after eliminate the blind area and the environmental temperature sampling, to improve the accuracy of distance measurement. And uses the ultrasonic wave in air transport distance and time consumed by the relationship between the two, has chosen the AT89C51 chip to control and data processing, and then through the chip is designed to measure the liquid level detection system of the distance between two points. The components of the design for the single-chip microcomputer control, temperature detection, ultrasonic ranging and liquid crystal display the four most. Passed test in this paper, we design the system of liquid level, liquid level was tested, and the environmental temperature for sample to get the accurate speed of sound, to calculate the distance between the surface and instrument. This system possesses measurement accurate, easy to control, operation reliable strengths, can detect the liquid level in a timely manner.
Keywords: ultrasonic; measurement system; liquid level;the module
 

目录
摘  要    2
ABSTRACT    3
第一章 绪论    6
1.1研究背景    6
1.2 本文的主要工作    7
第二章 超声波介绍    8
2.1引言    8
2.2超声波介绍    8
2.2.1超声波的主要参数    8
2.2.2超声波的特性    8
2.2.3超声波的特点    8
2.3超声波传感器    9
2.3.1传感器介绍    9
2.3.2 超声波传感器最主要应用    10
第三章 系统设计    11
第四章 硬件方面的电路设计    12
4.1 单片机最小系统    13
4.1.1晶振电路    13
4.1.2复位电路    13
4.1.3按键设置电路    14
4.2 超声波测距模块    14
4.2.1 HC-SR04模块的特点    14
4.2.2管脚介绍    15
4.2.3基本工作原理：    15
4.3 温度检测模块    16
4.3．1方案分析    16
4.3．2 DS18B20简介    16
4.3.3 DS18B20的结构及电路    17
4.4 1602液晶显示模块    18
4.5 蜂鸣器报警    19
第五章系统的软件设计    21
5.1主程序    21
5.2数据显示子程序    21
5.3报警子程序    22
5.4按键子程序    23
第六章 硬件调试    24
结语    26
参考文献    27