小区电力光纤入户解决方案(硕士)

小区电力光纤入户解决方案(硕士)(论文25000字)
The solution of Fiber To The Home in communit
摘要
PFTTH是基于FTTH网络，加入配电线缆的新型技术，也是社会日益发展的一种趋势，同时，“智能电网”的实现也是国家电网重点推进的项目，在现有的电力光纤入户方案中，采用基于OPLC线缆的EPON系统来完成相关业务的实现。
传统的施工中，电缆与光缆是分开敷设的，即电缆只需承载电力的传输，光缆只需承载信息的传输，这样不仅浪费电缆资源，信息的传输由于光缆不能直接连接用户，那么用户带宽也会有瓶颈。如果把信息的传输也承载在电缆中，即把信息传输的光单元复合到电力传输的点单元里，不仅可以节省80%以上敷设成本，也可以使光纤覆盖到连接用户的“最后一公里”，大大提高了信息传输的速度，而这样同时承载电力与信息传输的电缆被称为光纤复合低压电缆。在工程建设中，由于光纤复合低压电缆实现了电力传输与信息传输的资源共享，具有明显的经济意义，目前正在研究发展这种技术。
电力光纤入户在信息传输方面所提供的带宽至少可以比目前我国城市入户宽带带宽提高十倍，用户可以实现可视电话、有线电视等各种互联网综合业务的使用，大大满足了用户日常生活对带宽的需求。同时由于电力传输与信息传输同缆的优势，也实现了用户的智能用电，可以直接把电表连接到用户，用户不仅可以准确掌握用电信息，也可以根据需求自行调节用电，实现了智能电网的普及。
事实上，我国大力发展的三网融合业务，从表面上来看是电话网络、有线电视与互联网的结合，如果从本质来看，想要实现可视电话、云电视业务以及高速的互联网业务都需要高速带宽的支持，所谓的三网融合不过是多种业务同时承载在高速率带宽上，所以想实现高速率带宽，在考虑传输质量的同时又要考虑传输成本，只有大力发展光纤通信技术，而光纤复合低压电缆正好复合三网融合的全部需求，不仅如此，光纤复合低压电缆在三网融合实现的同时也实现了用户智能用电的业务，所以可以说这是四网融合的实现。
综上所述，本文就是针对某小区设计一个电力光纤入户的方案，使用光纤复合低压电缆搭载无源光网络系统，在某小区中，设计并实现电力光纤入户以及用户的智能用电。设计过程中结合了电气设计的基本原则，对整个线缆的敷设以及光纤接续等问题做了明确阐述，根据本小区用户的数量给出具体使用的设备数量，设计本着节约成本的原则同时对链路也做了相应的富裕度，以满足以后对整个系统扩容的需求。最后对整个系统运行的稳定性、安全性以及实用性做出了相应的评估。并根据用户在实际使用过程中遇到的问题及意见对系统做出相应的完善，最终完成某小区整个电力光纤入户方案。
关键词：电力光纤入户；无源光网络；光纤复合低压电缆
 
ABSTRACT
Power Fiber To The Home (Power Fiber To The Home) is the comprehensive promotion of State Grid Corporation of intelligent power grid construction project, it is serve the social and economic development, and communication of information resources is one of the important measures.PFTTH in communication access network using optical fiber composite low voltage cables (OPLC) cable, optical fiber with low voltage power line laying, home to achieve, with the passive optical network technology, bearing the national "triple play" integrated services.
Electric power network resources, in fact, is the Shared resource information communication network, it can completely as the operation of the optical fiber network carrier. Technology now has been able to put the optical fiber unit compound to the electric wire inside, and the composite wires per meter to more than 40% lower than the traditional circuit scheme of comprehensive cost, the use of such composite wire set up power lines, fiber will cover power grid "the last kilometer" of every administrative villages, every street, a terminal user, make the whole fiber network construction costs by 80% or so, this is a kind of any other solutions are incomparable advantages. Will fiber combination in the structure of the power cable layer, make it at the same time, which has the function of power transmission and optical fiber communication cable called fiber composite power cable. As well as optical fiber composite overhead ground wire, fiber composite power cable combines both functions in an organic whole, and thus reduce the total construction investment and operation maintenance cost, has obvious technical and economic significance.
Electric power optical fiber household is to use optical fiber composite low voltage cables, implementation to the table to the home, in power at the same time, meet the smart grid electricity link with information, automation, interaction of demand, network speed up to 20 m BPS (the current domestic urban broadband homes 2 m for the average speed of BPS); Also telephone, cable television network, the Internet can be realized with signal transmission, to provide users with more convenient and modern way of life.
Triple play is not just the telephone, Internet and cable television network in the physical one, its fundamental purpose lies in integration of the business. If you consider now can see the type of business: Internet access, multimedia phone, IPTV, etc., all need client high-speed broadband network support. In video information under explosive growth expectations, only the optical communication technology can provide enough information transmission speed, ensure the quality of transmission, also make the transport costs fell sharply. In addition, the light was optimized by using IP networks on cable, the construction of broadband IP network, can from technology based on accelerating the process of triple play in China.
In this paper, the standard and the product specification of the fiber composite low voltage cable and the passive optical network technology are analyzed in this paper.And design a smart electrical area PFTTH network architecture and network design, developed based on Ethernet passive optical network optical fiber composite low voltage cable home network configuration scheme, and a cell, for example into on the implementation. In the process, the electrical structure and the design of the network are defined, and the configuration of the fiber cable and the optical fiber connection are described.Finally the optical link power margin of attenuation and were tested. The test results prove that the electric power project of fiber to the home of the configuration can meet the requirements of operation, safe and stable operation, reasonable network structure design, to vigorously promote the construction of smart grid laid the foundation.
Keywords: power fiber, passive optical network, fiber optic composite low-voltage cable
 
目录
摘要    VIII
Abstract    IX
目录    XI
第1章绪论    1
1.1  论文研究背景    1
1.2  国内外研究现状    2
1.3论文研究意义及创新点    4
1.4论文主要内容及结构安排    5
第2章OPLC在电力光纤入户中的承载特点    6
2.1  引言    6
2.2  OPLC的结构特点    6
2.2.1  OPLC的概念    6
2.2.2OPLC的结构形式    7
2.2.3 OPLC的主要组成    8
2.3  OPLC的连接技术    9
2.3.1  OPLC的关键生产工艺    9
2.3.2  OPLC的性能    11
2.4 OPLC配套设备    11
2.4.1分光器    11
2.4.2皮线光缆    11
2.4.3光纤冷接子    11
2.4.4多功能光纤面板盒    11
2.4.5光纤配线架    12
2.5对电力光纤入户需求的承载    12
2.6本章小结    12
第3章采用EPON方式实现PFTTH网络架构    14
3.1  引言    14
3.2  EPON的基本原理    15
3.2.1  EPON的构成与概念    15
3.2.2EPON的工作原理    16
3.3 EPON的技术重点    19
3.3.1数据链路层技术重点    19
3.3.2 EPON的QoS问题    22
3.3.3使用EPON方式实现电力光纤入户的分析    22
3.4 网络框架    24
3.4.1网络组成    24
3.4.2网络拓扑    25
3.5接口    26
3.6建设方案的基本特征    27
3.7项目的业务承载    27
第4章在某小区中设计组建电力光纤入户网络    29
4.1设计实施电力光纤到户方案    29
4.1.1某小区实现电力光纤入户的需求    29
4.1.2 智能电网入户时各节点指标    30
4.1.3 设备配置设计    30
4.1.4线缆配置设计    31
4.2 光通路衰减与衰减计算方法    33
4.2.1 光通路衰减    33
4.2.2 计算光通道    33
4.2.3 竣工业务测试与成效分析    35
4.3小结    35
第5章课题总结    37
5.1  结论    37
5.2  展望    37
参考文献    39
致谢    42