新型城镇化进程中失地农民就业难问题研究-以惠水县为例(硕士)

新型城镇化进程中失地农民就业难问题研究-以惠水县为例(硕士)(开题报告,论文36000字)
摘  要
由于最近几年新型城镇化的建设进程不断加快，农民的失地与就业问题也日趋严重。要想保障农民失地后正常的生活，就必须让他们实现就业，因为对于农民而言，土地是他们最根本的生活物质来源，其重要性不言而喻。由农民失地问题相继引发的其他的急需解决的社会问题必须通过增加农民的就业等手段来解决。因为大多数农民的劳动技能和文化水平都比较低下，是社会的弱势群体，所以他们在激烈的市场竞争局面下很难生存。再加上就业培训体制不健全，社会保障制度不完善，失地农民的整体素质偏低，征地安置政策不科学等众多因素也是造成失地农民就业难的原因。在建设社会主义市场经济和社会主义和谐社会的过程中，失地农民就业难这一难题亟待解决。
本文在整理分析研究背景、意义、国内外研究成果、研究思路、研究方法、基本概念以及理论基础的基础上，将惠水县失地农民就业难问题作为研究对象，其目的是促进惠水县失地农民更好的就业。笔者利用在惠水县生活、工作的便利和优势搜集惠水县失地农民数量、安置情况、就业状况、社会保障状况等相关资料，总结目前惠水县失地农民就业难的表现形式，并从政策和制度、社会经济、失地农民自身三方面深度挖掘失地农民就业难的原因，并以此为基础，有针对性的提出怎样科学合理地解决失地农民难以就业难题的建议和措施。具体包括：丰富技能培训提高就业竞争能力，健全保障制度增强失地农民生存保障，完善相关就业政策减少失地农民就业阻力，优化产业结构做到产业布局与就业相结合四大点。笔者希望通过本文能为惠水县失地农民实现就业带来一些帮助和借鉴。

关键词：失地农民；就业；社会保障
 
The study on the employment of land-lost farmers in the process of new-type urbanization is an example of huishui county
Abstract
As the process of new urbanization has been accelerating in recent years, the problem of landlessness and employment among farmers has become increasingly serious. To protect the normal life of peasants after they have lost their land, they must be allowed to achieve employment. For farmers, land is their most fundamental source of living material, and its importance is self-evident. Other social problems that are urgently needed to be resolved, which have been triggered by the problems of farmers losing land, must be resolved by increasing the employment of farmers. Because most of the farmer's labor skills and cultural levels are relatively low and are socially disadvantaged groups, they are difficult to survive in the fierce market competition situation. In addition, the employment training system is not perfect, the social security system is imperfect, the overall quality of landless farmers is low, and many factors such as unscientific land acquisition and resettlement policies are also the reasons for the difficulty of employment of landless peasants. In the process of building a socialist market economy and a socialist harmonious society, the difficult problem of employment of landless peasants needs to be resolved.
Based on the analysis of research background, significance, research results at home and abroad, research ideas, research methods, basic concepts, and theoretical basis, this paper takes the employment difficulties of landless peasants in Huishui County as the research object. Its purpose is to promote the loss of land in Huishui County. Farmers get better employment. The author used the convenience and advantages of living and working in Huishui County to collect relevant data on the number of landless peasants, resettlement status, employment status, and social security status in Huishui County, summarizing the current forms of employment difficulties for landless peasants in Huishui County and policies With regard to institutional, socio-economic, and landless peasants themselves, they are deeply digging into the reasons for the employment difficulties of land-lost peasants, and based on this as a basis, there are targeted suggestions and measures to scientifically and reasonably solve the difficult problems for land-lost peasants. Specifically, it includes: enriching skills training to improve the competitiveness of employment, improving the security system to increase the survival guarantee of land-losing farmers, improving related employment policies to reduce the employment resistance of land-losing farmers, and optimizing the industrial structure to achieve the combination of industrial layout and employment. The author hopes that this article can bring some help and reference for the employment of land-lost farmers in Huishui County.

Key words: Land-lost farmers, Employment, Social security    

目  录
摘  要    I
Abstract    III
1 绪论    1
1.1选题的背景与意义    1
1.1.1问题的提出    1
1.1.2研究意义    2
1.2国内外失地农民问题的相关研究综述    2
1.2.1国外失地农民问题的相关研究综述    3
1.2.2国内失地农民问题的相关研究综述    5
1.3研究思路与研究方法    9
1.3.1研究思路    9
1.3.2研究方法    9
2基本概念与理论基础分析框架    11
2.1基本概念    11
2.1.1城镇化与新型城镇化    11
2.1.2失地农民    12
2.1.3就业    13
2.1.4失业    14
2.2理论基础    14
2.2.1社会保障理论    14
2.2.2 公共就业服务理论    15
2.3基本概念关系阐述    16
2.3.1新型城镇化与失地农民关系阐述    16
2.3.2失地农民与就业问题关系阐述    16
3惠水县新型城镇化进程中失地农民就业难现状    18
3惠水县新型城镇化进程中失地农民就业难现状    18
3.1惠水县概况及失地农民就业保障措施    18
3.1.1惠水县概况    18
3.1.2惠水县失地农民就业保障措施    19
3.2惠水县新型城镇化进程中失地农民就业总体情况    21
3.2.1失地农民数量不断增加    21
3.2.2失地农民就业比例低    21
3.3 惠水县新型城镇化失地农民就业难表现形式    22
3.3.1就业质量不高    22
3.3.2收入低、稳定性差    23
3.3.3就业意向受文化程度影响大    23
3.4失地农民就业难容易引发的社会后果    24
3.4.1影响农民自身发展及本县三农问题    24
3.4.2影响本县城镇化建设    25
3.4.3对本县社会治安造成威胁    26
4惠水县新型城镇化进程中失地农民就业难的原因    27
4.1政策和制度因素    27
4.1.1国家对失地农民安置及补偿手段存在不足    27
4.1.2养老保障程度低    28
4.1.3就业培训针对性不高并未落到实处    28
4.2社会和经济因素    29
4.2.1农民群体仍遭受歧视与偏见    29
4.2.2各类新兴产业和乡镇企业无法完全吸纳劳动力    30
4.2.3城乡之间劳动力市场存在严重不足    30
4.3失地农民自身因素    31
4.3.1就业意识淡薄    31
4.3.2自身能力欠缺    32
5新型城镇化进程中解决失地农民就业难的对策和建议    33
5.1丰富技能培训，提高就业竞争能力    33
5.1.1重点发展职业技术教育    33
5.1.2引导和强化培训意识    33
5.1.3以需求为导向开展定向培训    34
5.2健全保障制度，增强失地农民生存保障    34
5.2.1设立适合失地农民的就业岗位    34
5.2.2积极为失地农民就业提供相应服务    35
5.2.3重视商业保险的辅助作用    35
5.2.4失地农民社会保障的法律化    35
5.3完善相关就业政策，减少失地农民就业阻力    36
5.3.1实行优惠的就业政策    36
5.3.2拓宽失地农民就业渠道    36
5.3.3鼓励农民自主创业    37
5.4优化产业结构，做到产业布局与就业相结合    38
5.4.1升级产业结构充分考虑失地农民就业问题    38
5.4.2失地农民培训与产业布局相适应    39
6 结语    40
参考文献    42
致  谢    47