基于多轴加工的普通钻床改造-多轴传动机构设计

基于多轴加工的普通钻床改造-多轴传动机构设计(含任务书,开题报告,外文翻译,毕业论文13600字,进度检查表,CAD图纸11张)
摘 要
随着先进制造技术的发展和进步，数控加工已成为机加工过程中的一种主流技术。这一技术的运用提高了机加工过程中工作效率和加工精度。数控多工位钻床就是提高钻削加工精度和效率的一种很好的机加工工具。数控多工位钻床的设计，采用了普通车床设计的步骤和方法，综合考虑数控机床的特点。从切削力入手确定主轴及电机，到整个机床的结构设计和机床的控制，最后到对机床初始化程序设计。本设计是基于多轴加工的普通钻床改造。为了实现复合工位的加工，现需要对普通钻床进行多轴头的设计。普通钻床为单轴机床，但安装上多轴箱就会成为多轴的钻床，改造成多轴钻床后，能大大地缩短加工时间，提高生产效率。因此本设计的重点是多轴箱的设计，设计内容包括齿轮分布与选用、轴的设计、多轴箱的选用、导向装置设计等。

关键词： 复合工位；多轴钻床；生产效率；多轴箱

Abstract
With the manufacturing development, numerical control manufacturing has become one of the major advanced technologies. efficiency and accuracy has been improved in application of the technology. Numerical control auto-drilling machine is a kind of the new machine tools that can improve the machining accuracy and efficiency. The paner has designed for Numerical control auto-drilling machine, using design method of the ordinary lathe, and considering the characteristic of the numerical control machine tools synthetically. cutting force has been calculated, the structural and the control system has been designed. Finally, the software routine has been explored.This paner has finished completed a investigation of internal and external of current situation for numerical control multistage-drilling machine, and compared it, put forward a feasible scheme; completed the mechanical structural design an calculated and designed the electric control system, and finished the software and hardware of the control system tentatively.The design is based on the multi-axis machining of common drilling machine. To accomplish the manufacture of multi-hole, redesigned the drive mechanism of the ordinary drill press. Mono-spindle be changed into a multiple spindle. It will improve its productive efficiency, shorten its processing time if assembled a multiple spindle case on. That so calls a multiple drill. Hereby, the keystone of this design paper is how to design a multiple spindle heads. The design subjects include the selection and distribution of gear wheel, the design of spindle, and the guiding equipment and selection of the multiple spindle heads, etc.

Key words: multi-position manufacture; multiple drill press; productive efficiency; multiple spindle heads

设计任务
在一批铸铁连接件上，其同一个表面上有多个孔需要进行加工。在普通立式钻床上进行孔系的加工，通常是一个孔一个孔的钻削，生产效率低，用非标设备，即组合机床加工，生产效率高，但设备投资大。
但把一批普通立式普通单轴钻床改造为立式多轴钻床，改造后的多轴钻床，可以同时完成多个孔的钻、扩、铰、等工序。

研究内容
本课题的专题是基于多轴加工的普通钻床改造。钻床被广泛用于大、中批量零件如：汽车、拖拉机、摩托车等行业的汽缸体、变速箱壳体、杠杆拨叉等加工领域。为了适应大批量生产，专用基于多轴加工、多工位钻削加工具有较大的优势，它按照孔的分布位置实行一次加工，从而保证了各孔间的位置及尺寸精度。对于在大批量生产模式下的金属切削加工应保证快速并且稳定，必需设计出高效率的专用加工设备，并要做到最合理，这样才能保证加工质量和提高生产率。

目 录
摘 要 III
ABSTRACT IV
目 录 V
1 绪论 1
1.1本课题的研究内容和意义 1
1.2国内外的发展概况 2
1.2.1多轴头 2
1.2.2 多轴箱 2
1.2.3多轴钻床 3
1.2.4 自动更换主轴箱机床 3
1.2.5多轴加工趋势 3
1.3本课题应达到的要求 4
2 单工位钻床改为多工位钻床 5
2.1设计任务 5
2.2 普通立式钻床的选型 5
2.2.1 计算所需电机功率 5
2.2.2 立式钻床的确定 6
3 主传动齿轮传动箱的设计 7
3.1　设计前的准备 7
3.2 传动系统的设计与计算 7
4 多轴箱的结构与零部件的设计 13
4.1箱盖、箱体和中间板结构 13
4.2多轴箱轴的设计 13
5 导向装置的设计 28
5.1导向装置组成 28
5.2导向装置选择与设计 28
6 接杆刀具 30
7 结论与展望 31
7.1 结论 31
7.2 不足之处及未来展望 31
致 谢 32
参考文献 33