CT引导下经皮肺结节穿刺活检的有效性和安全性分析

CT引导下经皮肺结节穿刺活检的有效性和安全性分析(论文10000字)
摘要
目的与背景：
CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术(CT-PTLB)作为获取肺部疾病病理标本的常用手段，已广泛应用。随着目前肺结节检出率的升高，CT-PTLB在肺结节疾病诊疗中的应用也逐渐增加。本研究的目的在于探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术(CT-PTLB)对于肺结节（PN）的穿刺成功率及安全性，比较肺小结节与直径较大的肺结节的穿刺成功率与并发症发生率的差异，比较直径≤10cm的肺结节与直径＞10mm，≤20mm的肺结节穿刺成功率与并发症发生率的差异，明确肺结节穿刺常见并发症的相关因素
结论：
1.CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术具有较高的成功率，但肺小结节穿刺成功率相对较低。
2. CT引导下经皮肺结节穿刺活检具有较高的安全性，主要并发症为轻微气胸与出血。
3.气胸的发生与针道长度、穿刺体位有关。针道短及侧卧位穿刺是气胸发生的高危因素；针道长是穿刺出血发生的高危因素。
关键词： CT；穿刺；肺结节；成功率；并发症；气胸；出血

Success rate and safety of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy for pulmonary nodules

Abstract
Objective and background:
CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy (CT-PTLB) has been widely used as a common method for obtaining pathological specimens of lung diseases. With the current increase in the detection rate of pulmonary nodules, the application of CT-PTLB in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodule disease has gradually increased. The purpose of this study was to investigate the success rate and safety of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy (CT-PTLB) for pulmonary nodules (PN). To compare the difference in puncture success rate and complication rate between small pulmonary nodules and larger diameter pulmonary nodules, To compare the difference in puncture success rate and complication rate between pulmonary nodules with diameter ≤ 10 mm and pulmonary nodules with diameter ＞10mm, ≤20mm.identify factors associated with common complications of pulmonary nodule puncture
Conclusion:
1. CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy has a high technical success rate, but the technical success rate of small pulmonary nodules is relatively low.
2. CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy for pulmonary nodules has a high safety, the main complications are mild pneumothorax and hemorrhage.
3. The development of pneumothorax is related to the needle path length and the position of the puncture. Shorter needle path length and lateral position puncture are high risk factors for the development of pneumothorax; longer needle path length is a high risk factor for the development of hemorrhage.
Key words: CT; puncture; pulmonary nodules; success rate; complications; pneumothorax；hemorrhage
目录
引言    1
讨论    2
小结    4
肺穿刺术在肺结节中的应用    8
摘要    8
Abstract    8
1. 肺结节的定义    9
2.肺结节影像学评估    9
3.肺结节的放射学特征    9
3.1 大小    9
3.2 密度    9
3.3 钙化    10
3.4 形态    10
3.5 增长速率    10
4.肺结节的病理学标本获取方法    10
5. 经皮肺穿刺活检术    11
5.1 适应症    11
5.2 禁忌症    11
5.3 成像方式    11
5.4 CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术(CT-PTLB)    12
5.5 穿刺针    13
5.6 穿刺准确率    13
5.7并发症    14
6.总结    15